Tonometriát

Tonometriát is a medical term referring to the measurement of intraocular pressure (IOP), the fluid pressure inside the eye. This measurement is crucial for diagnosing and monitoring glaucoma, a group of eye conditions that can damage the optic nerve and lead to vision loss. Elevated IOP is a significant risk factor for glaucoma. Tonometriát is typically performed using a tonometer, an instrument designed to assess this pressure. Several types of tonometers exist, each with a slightly different method of measurement. The Goldmann applanation tonometer is considered the gold standard and measures the force required to flatten a specific area of the cornea. Other common methods include non-contact tonometry (air puff tonometry), which blows a puff of air onto the cornea to flatten it, and handheld tonometers. The procedure is generally quick and painless, although it may cause a temporary foreign body sensation. A normal IOP reading is typically between 10 and 21 millimeters of mercury (mmHg). Readings outside this range, especially consistently higher ones, warrant further investigation by an ophthalmologist. Regular tonometriát is recommended for individuals with risk factors for glaucoma, such as a family history of the disease, advanced age, or certain medical conditions.