Toiduturvalisus

Toiduturvalisus is the state and practice of ensuring that the food consumed by people is safe, wholesome, and available. It covers the entire food chain from primary production to processing, distribution, retail, catering, and domestic use. The concept includes preventing, detecting, and controlling foodborne hazards, as well as maintaining reliable access to adequate food.

Key elements of toiduturvalisus include risk assessment and management of hazards (biological, chemical, and physical), compliance with hygiene and safety standards, traceability and recall procedures, and clear information for consumers. It also involves building resilience in the food supply system to withstand disruptions such as production shocks, supply chain interruptions, or emergencies, while supporting nutrition and public health goals.

Regulatory and institutional context: In the European Union, toiduturvalisus is guided by harmonized rules and risk assessment bodies, complemented by national authorities that implement inspections, inspections, and controls, issue safety alerts, and coordinate recalls when necessary. National policies in Estonia apply these EU frameworks and coordinate with authorities responsible for food safety, veterinary controls, and public health.

Importance: Maintaining toiduturvalisus protects public health by reducing foodborne illness, sustains consumer confidence, and ensures stable access to safe, nutritious food. It involves a wide range of actors across the food chain, including farmers, processors, distributors, retailers, and service providers, who implement food safety management practices, maintain traceability, and comply with labeling and allergen information requirements.