Tiheyeen

Tiheyeen is a traditional form of Arabic poetry that originated in the Arabian Peninsula, particularly among the Bedouin tribes. The term "tiheyeen" translates loosely to "the three," referring to the three main themes that dominate the genre: love, war, and praise. This poetic tradition is deeply rooted in the cultural and social fabric of Bedouin life, serving as a means of storytelling, emotional expression, and communal bonding.

Tiheyeen poetry is characterized by its rhythmic structure, often following a meter known as *wafī* or *wafīya*, which consists of three lines with a specific pattern of long and short syllables. The themes of love frequently revolve around unrequited passion, longing, and the beauty of nature, while war poetry celebrates bravery, honor, and the trials of combat. Praise poetry, or *madīḥ*, honors tribal leaders, heroes, and significant events, reinforcing social hierarchies and tribal loyalties.

The tradition of reciting tihyeen poetry was central to Bedouin gatherings, where poets, known as *shuʿarāʾ*, would compete in improvisational performances called *muṣāḥafa*. These recitals were not only artistic but also served practical purposes, such as resolving disputes, strengthening alliances, or expressing grievances. The oral nature of tihyeen ensured its preservation across generations, though some works have been transcribed and studied by modern scholars.

While tihyeen remains a cultural cornerstone in parts of the Arabian Peninsula, its influence extends beyond regional boundaries. The themes and techniques of this poetic tradition have inspired contemporary Arabic literature and music, reflecting its enduring legacy. Today, efforts to revive and document tihyeen help maintain its connection to historical Bedouin values while adapting it to modern contexts.