TiOCl2

TiOCl2, commonly called titanium(IV) oxychloride, is an inorganic compound with the formula TiOCl2. It consists of titanium in the +4 oxidation state coordinated to one oxide ligand and two chloride ligands. In the solid state it forms a polymeric network of edge-sharing TiOCl2 octahedra, and it is typically moisture-sensitive.

Preparation of TiOCl2 is usually done by the controlled hydrolysis of titanium tetrachloride, TiCl4. A representative route is TiCl4 + H2O → TiOCl2 + 2 HCl, performed under rigorously dry conditions to avoid extensive hydrolysis. Alternative methods involve other titanium‑chloride oxidation or hydrolysis routes conducted under strictly anhydrous conditions.

Properties and handling: TiOCl2 is reactive toward water and air; exposure leads to hydrolysis and release of hydrochloric acid, and the material gradually converts to titanium oxide species. The solid is generally insoluble in water and many common solvents, reflecting its polymeric nature.

Uses: As a reactive Ti(IV) source, TiOCl2 is used as a precursor for titanium oxide materials, including thin films and nanostructures. It also finds use as a Lewis acid in certain organic transformations and as a starting reagent for the preparation of titanium-containing coordination complexes under anhydrous conditions.

Safety: TiOCl2 is corrosive and releases HCl upon hydrolysis. It should be handled under dry, inert atmosphere using appropriate personal protective equipment and stored in moisture-free containers.