Thersites

Thersites is a character in Homer's Iliad, a Greek soldier who accompanies the Achaeans on their expedition to Troy. He is consistently described as ugly, lame, and possessed of a sharp, abusive tongue. Despite his physical deformities and low social standing, Thersites is notably outspoken and unafraid to criticize the leaders of the Greek army, particularly Agamemnon and Achilles.

His most prominent appearance occurs in Book 2 of the Iliad, where he incites the other soldiers to mutiny and return home, railing against Agamemnon's perceived incompetence and the prolonged, fruitless war. Odysseus, tasked with restoring order, intervenes forcefully, striking Thersites with his scepter and silencing him. This act, while brutal, is presented as necessary to maintain military discipline.

Thersites reappears later in the epic, grieving over the death of Achilles. His lament is again met with harshness, this time from the poet Demodocus, who makes him weep by singing a song that causes him pain. Thersites is often interpreted as a foil to the heroic figures of the Iliad, representing the common soldier's perspective and the dangers of unchecked dissent. His character highlights themes of social hierarchy, the nature of heroism, and the consequences of speaking truth to power in a militaristic society. Despite his negative portrayal, his vocal criticism can also be seen as a reflection of genuine grievances among the ranks.