Theatres

Theatres are buildings or spaces designed for live performance, including plays, opera, dance, and music, as well as related activities such as rehearsals and workshops. A theatre typically includes a stage, seating for the audience, and facilities for performers and technicians. Venues can be purpose-built or adapted from other spaces, and they range from small intimate rooms to large urban complexes.

Stage configurations vary. Proscenium theatres frame the stage with a visible picture plane and an orchestra pit. Thrust stages project into the audience, while arena or theatre-in-the-round places seating on multiple sides around the performance area. Black-box theatres are flexible, with movable walls and seating. Indoor venues rely on architectural acoustics and mechanical systems, while outdoor theatres are affected by weather and natural light.

Theatres have ancient roots in Greek and Roman amphitheatres, later evolving through medieval pageants and Renaissance court theatres. The proscenium arch became common in the 17th century, shaping the visible stage and framing. The 18th–20th centuries saw advances in stage machinery, lighting, and scenery, enabling complex productions. In recent decades, theatres have incorporated multimedia and flexible spaces to support diverse genres.

Operations and culture: Theatres are managed by artistic directors, general managers, and technical staff. Programming is influenced by artistic goals, audience demand, and funding sources, including ticket sales, public subsidies, and philanthropy. Theatres also serve educational and community roles through outreach, partnerships, and residencies. Accessibility, safety, and inclusion are priorities in modern operations.