Tetragnathinae

Tetragnathinae is a subfamily of the spider family Tetragnathidae. These spiders are commonly known as long-jawed orb-weavers. They are characterized by their elongated bodies and exceptionally long chelicerae (jaws), which are often held forward. This subfamily includes numerous genera and species found worldwide, particularly in temperate and tropical regions. They are typically associated with aquatic or semi-aquatic environments, often found near water bodies such as streams, ponds, and lakes, as well as in vegetation adjacent to these areas.

The webs of Tetragnathinae spiders are typically orb webs, although they can sometimes be more irregular or horizontal. These webs are often built in vegetation overhanging water, allowing the spider to drop into the water if disturbed. Their diet primarily consists of flying insects that are attracted to the water's surface or vegetation. Some species have adapted to hunt aquatic prey like small fish or tadpoles.

A notable feature of Tetragnathinae is sexual dimorphism, with males often possessing significantly modified chelicerae compared to females. These modified chelicerae are used in courtship rituals and combat with rival males. The eggs are usually laid in silken sacs attached to vegetation. The subfamily is a diverse group, and ongoing research continues to clarify the relationships between its various genera and species.