Tööstusühiskond

Tööstusühiskond, also known as industrial society, refers to a society that is driven by the production of goods through mechanization and mass production, rather than agrarian or handicraft economies. This societal transformation, often referred to as the Industrial Revolution, began in Great Britain in the late 18th century and spread globally. Key characteristics of an industrial society include a shift from rural to urban living, the development of factories and industrial centers, and the use of new technologies such as steam power and later electricity.

The economic structure of a tööstusühiskond is based on industrial capitalism, with a significant portion of the population employed in manufacturing and related industries. This leads to increased productivity, economic growth, and a rise in the standard of living for many, though often accompanied by new social challenges. Socially, industrial societies typically witness the emergence of a distinct working class and a growing middle class. Urbanization leads to new forms of social organization and challenges related to housing, sanitation, and social welfare.

Ideologies such as liberalism and socialism emerged or gained prominence in response to the changes brought about by industrialization. The development of infrastructure, including railways and communication networks, is crucial for the functioning of an industrial society. While the initial phase of industrialization was marked by significant environmental impact and social inequality, later stages have seen efforts towards regulation, improved working conditions, and environmental sustainability, although these remain ongoing concerns.