Tímagreiningu

Tímagreiningu, often translated as time analysis or time-motion study, is a management technique used to observe, analyze, and improve the methods and time required to perform a specific work task. It involves breaking down a job into its smallest constituent parts or elements. Each element is then timed using a stopwatch or other timing devices. The goal is to establish a standard time for each element, and subsequently for the entire task, under specified conditions.

The process typically involves several steps. First, the task is selected for analysis. Then, the current method of performing the task is observed and documented, often through motion pictures or detailed descriptions. Next, the task is divided into basic elements, and each element is timed. After collecting sufficient data, the times are averaged, and allowances are added for fatigue, personal needs, and unavoidable delays. This leads to the determination of a standard time.

Tímagreiningu is a core component of scientific management, pioneered by figures like Frederick Winslow Taylor. Its primary objectives are to increase productivity, reduce waste, improve efficiency, and set fair performance standards for workers. By understanding the precise time required for each action, managers can identify inefficiencies, redesign work processes, train employees more effectively, and implement incentive systems based on achieved productivity. While it has been instrumental in improving industrial efficiency, it has also faced criticism regarding its potential to lead to worker exploitation and de-skilling if not implemented ethically.