Sünkoopimist

Sünkoopimist, commonly known as fainting or passing out, is a transient loss of consciousness caused by a temporary decrease in blood flow to the brain. This reduction in blood supply can be due to a variety of factors. The most frequent cause is vasovagal syncope, often triggered by emotional distress, pain, fear, or prolonged standing. In this type of syncope, the nervous system overreacts, leading to a sudden drop in heart rate and blood pressure.

Other common causes include orthostatic hypotension, where blood pressure falls significantly upon standing up, often exacerbated by dehydration, certain medications, or underlying medical conditions. Cardiac syncope, a more serious cause, results from heart problems such as arrhythmias, structural heart defects, or heart valve issues that impair the heart's ability to pump blood effectively. Less common causes include neurological events like seizures or transient ischemic attacks, though these are distinct from true syncope.

Symptoms preceding syncope, known as prodromal symptoms, can include lightheadedness, dizziness, nausea, sweating, blurred vision, and a feeling of warmth. The episode of fainting itself is typically brief, lasting from a few seconds to a few minutes, followed by a rapid return to consciousness. However, there can be a period of confusion or grogginess afterward. Diagnosis usually involves a thorough medical history, physical examination, and sometimes further tests like an electrocardiogram (ECG) or tilt table test to identify the underlying cause. Treatment focuses on managing the specific cause of the syncope and preventing future episodes.