Sõltuvusteks

Sõltuvusteks is the Estonian word for addictions. It refers to a chronic, relapsing brain disease characterized by compulsive drug seeking and use, despite harmful consequences. While often associated with substances like alcohol, nicotine, and illicit drugs, addiction can also manifest in behavioral forms, such as gambling, gaming, or excessive internet use.

The development of addiction is complex, involving genetic predispositions, environmental factors, and individual experiences. Neurobiological changes in the brain's reward pathways are central to the addictive process, leading to altered decision-making, motivation, and control over behavior. Symptoms can include tolerance (needing more of the substance or behavior to achieve the desired effect), withdrawal (unpleasant physical and psychological symptoms when use is stopped), and a preoccupation with obtaining and using the addictive substance or engaging in the addictive behavior.

Addiction significantly impacts an individual's physical and mental health, relationships, work, and overall quality of life. It is a treatable condition, and recovery is possible with appropriate interventions. Treatment approaches often involve a combination of detoxification, psychotherapy (such as cognitive behavioral therapy), medication, and support groups. Addressing the underlying causes and providing long-term support are crucial for sustained recovery and preventing relapse.