Sõltuvusena

Sõltuvusena is the Estonian word for addiction. It refers to a complex, chronic brain disease characterized by compulsive drug seeking and use, despite harmful consequences. This condition affects not only the individual but also their family and society. Addiction is not a moral failing or a lack of willpower, but rather a medical condition that can be treated.

The development of addiction involves changes in brain circuits that control reward, motivation, and memory. Repeated exposure to addictive substances can alter these circuits, leading to intense cravings and a loss of control over substance use. Factors that can contribute to addiction include genetic predisposition, environmental influences, and the type and amount of substance used.

Symptoms of addiction can vary depending on the substance but often include tolerance (needing more of the substance to achieve the same effect), withdrawal symptoms when use is stopped, preoccupation with obtaining and using the substance, and continued use despite negative repercussions in personal, professional, or social life.

Treatment for sõltuvusena typically involves a combination of behavioral therapies, counseling, and sometimes medication. Support groups and long-term aftercare are also crucial for recovery and preventing relapse. Understanding addiction as a treatable illness is the first step towards effective intervention and support for individuals struggling with this condition.