Sähkökaarihitsausta

Sähkökaarihitsaus, commonly known as arc welding, is a fusion welding process that utilizes an electric arc to create intense heat and melt the base metal and filler material. This molten material then cools and solidifies, forming a strong joint. The electric arc is generated between an electrode and the workpiece, typically at a high voltage and amperage.

There are several variations of sähkökaarihitsaus, each employing different types of electrodes and shielding methods. Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW), also known as stick welding, uses a consumable electrode coated in flux. This flux melts and vaporizes, creating a gaseous shield that protects the weld pool from atmospheric contamination. Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW), or MIG welding, uses a continuous wire electrode fed through a welding gun. An inert or semi-inert gas is supplied through the gun to shield the arc and weld pool. Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW), or TIG welding, uses a non-consumable tungsten electrode and a separate filler rod, with a shielding gas protecting the arc.

The choice of sähkökaarihitsaus process depends on factors such as the type of metal being joined, the desired weld quality, the thickness of the material, and the welding environment. It is a widely used process in manufacturing, construction, and repair due to its versatility and ability to create strong, durable welds. Safety precautions, including eye protection and protective clothing, are essential when performing arc welding due to the intense heat and ultraviolet radiation produced.