Szemvizsgálat

Szemvizsgálat, often translated as eye examination, is a comprehensive assessment of vision and eye health. It is a routine procedure performed by an optometrist or ophthalmologist to detect vision problems, eye diseases, and other health issues that may affect the eyes. The process typically begins with a review of the patient's medical history, including any existing conditions, medications, and family history of eye problems.

Visual acuity is usually the first test, assessing how clearly a person can see at various distances. This is often done using a Snellen chart. Refraction testing determines the refractive error of the eye, such as myopia (nearsightedness), hyperopia (farsightedness), astigmatism, and presbyopia, and helps in prescribing corrective lenses like glasses or contact lenses.

Other components of a thorough eye examination may include tests for eye muscle balance, peripheral vision (visual field test), and color vision. The doctor will also examine the external parts of the eye, such as the eyelids and cornea, using magnification and light.

A critical part of the examination involves looking inside the eye. This is often done after dilating the pupils with eye drops. This allows the doctor to view the retina, optic nerve, and blood vessels at the back of the eye. Diseases like glaucoma, macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, and cataracts can be detected during this internal examination.

The frequency of eye examinations varies depending on age, risk factors, and general health. Children usually need more frequent checks to monitor developing vision, while adults may require them every one to two years. Early detection and treatment of eye conditions are crucial for preserving good vision and overall eye health.