Szelepeket

Szelepeket, the Hungarian word for valves, refer to devices that regulate the flow of fluids by opening, closing, or partially obstructing a passage. They are used to control pressure, direction, and rate of flow, and to prevent backflow in piping, hydraulic, pneumatic, and process systems.

Valves operate by moving a barrier such as a disk, ball, gate, or plug against a seat, and they may be actuated manually, mechanically, hydraulically, pneumatically, or electrically.

Common types include check valves (one-way), ball valves, gate valves, globe valves, butterfly valves, needle valves, and relief or safety valves, each suited to different pressures, temperatures, and media.

In internal combustion engines, intake and exhaust valves regulate gas flow into and out of cylinders, typically using poppet designs with springs to return them to closed positions.

Materials range from brass and bronze to stainless steel and plastics, chosen for compatibility with the media, pressures, and temperatures, with seals made of metal, elastomers, or composites.

Valves are standardized by organizations such as ISO and ANSI/ASME, and maintenance involves inspection for leaks, wear, and corrosion, as well as periodic testing and replacement. They play essential roles across industries including water supply, oil and gas, chemical processing, power generation, and HVAC.