Syttein

Syttein is a genus of microscopic algae belonging to the family Sytteinaceae within the phylum Chlorophyta. First described in the early 20th century by botanist A. H. Lutter, the genus is named after the Swiss chemist Friedrich Syttein, who contributed significantly to algal taxonomy.

The type species, Syttein taxus, is characterized by a coccoid cell shape, typically measuring between 5 and 10 µm in diameter. The cells possess a single chloroplast with a distinctive parietal pyrenoid and a small, centrally located pyrenoid oriole. Cell walls are composed mainly of cellulose microfibrils and exhibit a gelatinous mucilage layer in freshwater isolates.

Syttein algae are predominantly found in freshwater environments, often colonizing the submerged surfaces of slow‑moving streams and wetlands. They form dense mats or filamentous strands that provide a microhabitat for bacteria and small invertebrates. Some species have been reported to exhibit osmotrophic behavior, supplementing photosynthetic activity with dissolved organic carbon.

Research on Syttein has focused on its role in biofiltration and as a bioindicator of aquatic ecosystem health. Its high tolerance to eutrophic conditions allows it to thrive in nutrient‑rich waters, making it of interest for studies on algal blooms and phytoplankton community dynamics.

Although not commercially exploited, Syttein species have been used in laboratory assays to test the effects of heavy metals and pollutants on chlorophytes. Further molecular work is needed to resolve phylogenetic relationships within the genus and to explore potential applications in environmental monitoring.