Syntetiske

Syntetiske is an adjective used in Danish and Norwegian (and related Scandinavian languages) to describe materials, substances, or processes produced by chemical synthesis rather than occurring naturally. The term is commonly applied to polymers, fibers, dyes, pharmaceuticals, and fragrances, and it can describe products that are fully synthetic or semi-synthetic.

In materials science, syntetiske polymers include plastics such as polyolefins, polyesters, polyamides, and polystyrene, as well as synthetic rubbers. Syntetiske fibers include nylon, polyester, acrylic, and others. In chemistry, syntetiske forbindelser are created through reactions such as polymerization, condensation, or functional group transformations, often using catalysts and controlled conditions.

Environmental and regulatory aspects accompany the use of syntetiske materials. Their production can rely on fossil feedstocks and energy-intensive processes, with considerations for waste, emissions, and microplastics. Recycling and lifecycle assessments are important, and safety data, labeling, and regulatory compliance (for example, in many contexts under EU REACH) guide handling and use.

History and impact of syntetiske materials trace to the 19th and 20th centuries, with advances in dyes, plastics, and synthetic fibers that expanded manufacturing, consumer goods, medicine, and technology. Today, syntetiske materials complement natural materials, offering tunable properties but prompting ongoing efforts toward sustainability, responsible use, and innovation.