Sydämentahdistin

Sydämentahdistin, known in English as a pacemaker, is a small medical device used to treat heart rhythm problems. It is implanted under the skin, usually near the collarbone, and connected to the heart by one or more wires called leads. The primary function of a pacemaker is to monitor the heart's electrical activity and deliver electrical impulses when needed to maintain a regular heartbeat.

There are several types of pacemakers, including single-chamber, dual-chamber, and biventricular pacemakers, each designed for different types of heart conditions. Single-chamber pacemakers have one lead, typically in the right ventricle. Dual-chamber pacemakers have two leads, one in the right atrium and one in the right ventricle, allowing for more synchronized pacing of the upper and lower chambers of the heart. Biventricular pacemakers, also known as cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) devices, have leads in three locations, helping to coordinate the contractions of both ventricles.

Pacemakers are essential for individuals suffering from bradycardia (slow heart rate), heart block, or certain types of heart failure. The device continuously senses the heart's natural rhythm. If the heart beats too slowly or misses a beat, the pacemaker sends a small electrical impulse to stimulate a contraction. Modern pacemakers are sophisticated and can adjust their pacing rate based on the patient's activity level, often using a built-in sensor to detect movement and increase the heart rate during exercise.

The implantation procedure is typically minimally invasive and performed under local anesthesia. Patients with pacemakers often lead normal, active lives, although certain precautions, such as avoiding strong electromagnetic fields, may be necessary. Regular follow-up appointments are crucial to monitor the device's function and battery life.