Suojahakkuu

Suojahakkuu, a Finnish term, translates to "shelterwood cutting" in English and refers to a forest management technique. It is a method of harvesting timber and simultaneously regenerating a forest. The process involves several stages over a period of time.

Initially, a portion of the mature trees in a stand are removed. This opening in the canopy allows sunlight to reach the forest floor, stimulating the growth of young seedlings and saplings that are already present or are newly sown. These younger trees are essentially the "shelter" for the next generation.

In subsequent thinnings, more trees are removed from the original stand. Each cutting is designed to further encourage the growth of the established regeneration, while also harvesting valuable timber. The older, mature trees are gradually removed as the new stand develops.

The goal of suojahakkuu is to create a forest that has trees of varying ages and sizes, promoting biodiversity and ecological stability. It is a form of artificial regeneration that mimics natural forest processes where disturbance, such as fire or windthrow, creates openings for new growth. This method is particularly useful in boreal forests, which are characteristic of Finland and other northern regions. The controlled nature of shelterwood cutting allows foresters to manage the regeneration process and ensure the continued productivity of the forest.