Subclavianzugänge

Subclavianzugänge, also known as subclavian approaches, are surgical techniques used to access the subclavian vessels, which are located beneath the clavicle (collarbone). These approaches are commonly employed in vascular surgery, cardiothoracic surgery, and interventional radiology. The subclavian vessels are crucial for blood supply to the upper extremities and the head and neck.

The subclavian approach offers several advantages, including direct access to the subclavian artery and vein, which can be beneficial for procedures such as stent placement, endovascular aneurysm repair, and vascular access for dialysis. Additionally, this approach allows for the visualization and manipulation of the brachiocephalic vessels, which are the first branches of the aorta and the superior vena cava.

There are two main types of subclavian approaches: the anterior and the posterior. The anterior approach involves making an incision in the anterior chest wall, typically between the first and second ribs, to expose the subclavian vessels. The posterior approach, on the other hand, involves making an incision in the posterior chest wall, usually between the scapula and the spine, to access the subclavian vessels.

Subclavianzugänge are typically performed under general anesthesia and may require the use of a surgical microscope for precise visualization. The procedure involves dissecting the tissues to expose the subclavian vessels, which are then manipulated or accessed as needed. Postoperative care may include pain management, monitoring for complications such as bleeding or infection, and rehabilitation to restore normal function.

In conclusion, subclavian approaches are valuable surgical techniques that provide direct access to the subclavian vessels, allowing for a wide range of vascular and cardiothoracic procedures. The choice of approach depends on the specific surgical needs and the surgeon's preference.