Strålelysforurensing

Strålelysforurensing, also known as light pollution, refers to the excessive or misdirected use of artificial light at night. It encompasses several phenomena, including skyglow, glare, light trespass, and clutter. Skyglow is the brightening of the night sky over inhabited areas, making it difficult to see stars. Glare is excessive brightness that causes visual discomfort. Light trespass occurs when light spills onto areas where it is not intended or needed, such as a neighbor's property. Clutter refers to confusing groupings of light sources.

The primary causes of strålelysforurensing are outdoor lighting used for purposes such as streetlights, security lighting, commercial signage, and architectural illumination. Inefficiently designed fixtures that emit light in all directions, rather than directing it downwards where it is needed, contribute significantly to the problem. The increasing use of bright, cool-colored lights, such as LEDs, can also exacerbate light pollution.

The effects of strålelysforurensing are widespread. Ecologically, it can disrupt the natural behaviors of nocturnal animals, affecting their foraging, reproduction, and migration patterns. It can also harm plant life by altering natural cycles of growth and dormancy. For humans, strålelysforurensing can interfere with sleep patterns, potentially leading to various health issues. Astronomers are particularly affected, as skyglow obscures celestial objects and hinders astronomical research. Furthermore, the wasted energy associated with unnecessary lighting represents a significant environmental and economic cost. Efforts to mitigate strålelysforurensing include using shielded fixtures, employing warmer color temperatures, reducing light intensity, and implementing smart lighting controls.