Strychnin

Strychnin is a highly toxic, colorless, crystalline substance. It is an alkaloid derived from the seeds of the Strychnos nux-vomica tree, also known as the poison nut tree. Strychnin is a potent stimulant of the central nervous system, acting primarily as a glycine receptor antagonist. Glycine is an inhibitory neurotransmitter, and by blocking its action, strychnin leads to disinhibition and overexcitation of neuronal pathways.

The effects of strychnin poisoning are severe and rapid, often manifesting within minutes to hours of exposure. Symptoms include muscle stiffness, twitching, and painful convulsions that can be triggered by the slightest stimulus. These convulsions can lead to respiratory failure, muscle damage, and ultimately death. Historically, strychnin has been used as a pesticide, particularly for rodent control, due to its toxicity. Its use in this capacity has declined in many regions due to the risks it poses to non-target species and humans.

In rare instances, strychnin has been misused recreationally, though this is extremely dangerous and ill-advised. Medical applications of strychnin are virtually nonexistent due to its narrow therapeutic window and extreme toxicity. Accidental or intentional ingestion requires immediate and aggressive medical intervention. Treatment focuses on supportive care, including managing seizures and respiratory distress. Due to its potent neurotoxic effects, strychnin remains a substance of significant concern regarding public health and safety.