SpeechLanguageHearing

SpeechLanguageHearing is an umbrella term used to describe the professions and disciplines that study and treat disorders of human communication, including speech, language, voice, swallowing, and hearing. It encompasses speech-language pathology, audiology, and related fields within the communication sciences and disorders umbrella. Practitioners work to assess, diagnose, treat, and support individuals across the lifespan, from infants to older adults, in diverse settings such as schools, clinics, hospitals, and private practice.

Speech-language pathology focuses on speech sound production, language acquisition and use, fluency, voice, resonance, and swallowing. Audiology centers on hearing and balance, including hearing assessments, hearing protection, hearing aids, cochlear implants, and rehabilitation for auditory disorders. The broader field also addresses communication sciences, augmentative and alternative communication (AAC), and research into cognitive-communication processes and language development.

Education and credentials typically involve advanced degrees (master’s or clinical doctorate) in SLP or audiology, supervised clinical experience, and licensure or certification. In the United States, certification from the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA) as CCC-SLP or CCC-Aud is common, while other countries have national bodies and licensing requirements. Ongoing professional development is commonly required.

Clinical practice includes assessment and diagnosis, individualized intervention plans, and family or caregiver education, using evidence-based approaches. Service delivery occurs in schools, healthcare facilities, early intervention programs, and community settings. Common disorders include language delays and disorders, articulation and phonological disorders, stuttering, voice disorders, feeding and swallowing disorders, hearing loss, and auditory processing disorders, as well as communication support for people with complex communication needs through AAC.

Public health aspects emphasize early identification, equitable access to services, and culturally responsive care, alongside advocacy for assistive technologies and inclusive communication access in education and society.