Skelettdeformiteter

Skelettdeformiteter refers to structural abnormalities or deviations in the bones and skeleton of the body. These can affect any part of the skeletal system, from the skull and spine to the limbs and digits. Causes of skeletal deformities are varied and can include congenital conditions, meaning they are present at birth, or acquired conditions that develop later in life. Genetic factors, developmental issues during gestation, trauma, infections, metabolic disorders, and certain diseases can all contribute to their formation.

Congenital deformities might include conditions like clubfoot (talipes equinovarus), where the foot is twisted inwards, or scoliosis, a curvature of the spine. Spina bifida, a neural tube defect, can also lead to spinal deformities. Acquired deformities can arise from conditions such as rickets, a softening of bones due to vitamin D deficiency, leading to bowed legs, or osteoporosis, which weakens bones and can cause vertebral compression fractures and changes in posture. Fractures that heal improperly can also result in deformities.

The impact of skeletal deformities varies greatly depending on the severity and location of the abnormality. Some may be minor and cause no functional impairment, while others can lead to significant pain, limited mobility, cosmetic concerns, and even affect organ function. Diagnosis typically involves physical examination, imaging techniques like X-rays, CT scans, and MRI scans. Treatment approaches are tailored to the specific deformity and may include physical therapy, bracing, surgical correction, or management of underlying conditions.