Sisäkorvaimplantit

Sisäkorvaimplantit, also known as cochlear implants, are electronic medical devices that bypass damaged parts of the ear and directly stimulate the auditory nerve. This stimulation allows individuals with severe to profound hearing loss to perceive sound. Unlike hearing aids, which amplify sound, cochlear implants convert sound into electrical signals.

The device consists of two main parts: an external component worn behind the ear, which includes a microphone, speech processor, and transmitter, and an internal component surgically implanted under the skin. The external microphone picks up sound, which is then processed by the speech processor into digital signals. These signals are transmitted through the skin to the internal receiver, which converts them back into electrical impulses. These impulses are then sent to an electrode array implanted in the cochlea, the inner ear's hearing organ, directly stimulating the auditory nerve.

Cochlear implants are typically recommended for individuals with bilateral sensorineural hearing loss who do not benefit sufficiently from conventional hearing aids. The effectiveness of cochlear implants can vary, and successful outcomes often depend on factors such as the duration of hearing loss, the age of implantation, and intensive auditory rehabilitation and speech therapy. While they can significantly improve speech understanding and quality of life, cochlear implants do not restore normal hearing.