Silmätutkimus

Silmätutkimus, often translated as eye examination or vision screening, refers to the process of assessing the health and function of the eyes. This can range from simple visual acuity tests to comprehensive examinations performed by ophthalmologists or optometrists. The primary goal of silmätutkimus is to detect potential vision problems, eye diseases, and other health conditions that may manifest in the eyes.

Routine silmätutkimus is crucial for early detection and management of various eye conditions, some of which can lead to vision loss if left untreated. These conditions include refractive errors such as myopia (nearsightedness), hyperopia (farsightedness), and astigmatism, which can be corrected with glasses or contact lenses. Furthermore, silmätutkimus helps identify more serious diseases like glaucoma, cataracts, macular degeneration, and diabetic retinopathy.

The process typically involves several components. Visual acuity tests, using charts like the Snellen chart, measure how clearly a person can see at different distances. Refraction is performed to determine the correct prescription for vision correction. Eye pressure is measured to screen for glaucoma. The doctor also examines the external parts of the eye and uses specialized instruments, such as a slit lamp and ophthalmoscope, to view the internal structures like the retina and optic nerve. In some cases, pupil dilation might be necessary for a more thorough view of the retina. Regular silmätutkimus, especially for children and older adults, is a cornerstone of maintaining good eye health and preserving vision throughout life.