Sikiökuolemat

Sikiökuolemat, known in English as stillbirth, refers to the death of a fetus during pregnancy. This typically occurs after the 20th week of gestation or when the fetus weighs more than 500 grams. Stillbirth is a significant concern in maternal and child health, affecting families worldwide.

The causes of stillbirth are diverse and can be challenging to determine. They may include placental problems, such as insufficient blood flow or placental abruption, which can deprive the fetus of oxygen and nutrients. Fetal growth restriction, where the fetus does not grow as expected, is another common factor. Chromosomal abnormalities and genetic defects in the fetus can also lead to stillbirth. Maternal health conditions, including diabetes, high blood pressure, infections, and autoimmune disorders, can increase the risk. Sometimes, the cause remains unexplained even after thorough investigation.

Diagnosis of stillbirth usually occurs when fetal movements cease or during routine prenatal check-ups where a heartbeat cannot be detected. Medical professionals will confirm the diagnosis through various methods, such as ultrasound. The management of a confirmed stillbirth involves delivering the fetus, which can be done through labor induction or surgical procedures. This process is emotionally devastating for parents, and support services are often crucial for their grieving process.

Prevention strategies focus on optimizing maternal health before and during pregnancy, regular prenatal care, and prompt management of any identified complications. Research continues to explore new ways to understand and reduce the incidence of stillbirth, aiming to improve outcomes for pregnancies.