Signaalivõrrepinge

Signaalivõrrepinge, also known as signal conditioning, refers to the process of modifying analog or digital signals to make them suitable for measurement, processing, or transmission. This often involves amplifying weak signals, filtering out unwanted noise, converting signal types, or isolating signals from other circuits. The primary goal of signal conditioning is to improve the signal-to-noise ratio and ensure that the signal accurately represents the physical phenomenon it is intended to measure.

Common signal conditioning techniques include amplification, which increases the amplitude of a signal, and attenuation, which reduces it. Filtering is crucial for removing unwanted frequencies, such as mains hum or high-frequency noise, that can interfere with accurate readings. Linearization is used to correct for non-linear responses in sensors, ensuring a proportional relationship between the input and output signals. Isolation, often achieved using optocouplers or transformers, prevents ground loops and protects sensitive equipment from high voltages.

In the context of data acquisition systems, signal conditioning is a critical first step. It ensures that the analog-to-digital converter (ADC) receives a signal within its optimal operating range and with minimal distortion. Without proper signal conditioning, the accuracy and reliability of any subsequent data analysis or control actions can be severely compromised. The specific techniques employed depend heavily on the nature of the original signal and the requirements of the system it feeds into.