Sigmoidoskopu

Sigmoidoskopu, also known as sigmoidoscopy, is a medical procedure used to examine the sigmoid colon and the rectum. It is a type of endoscopy that allows healthcare providers to visualize the interior of the lower part of the large intestine. This procedure is often performed to investigate gastrointestinal symptoms such as abdominal pain, rectal bleeding, or changes in bowel habits.

The sigmoidoscope is a flexible tube equipped with a light and a camera at its tip, which transmits images to a monitor. During the procedure, the patient is typically positioned on their side, and a lubricated sigmoidoscope is gently inserted into the anus and advanced into the sigmoid colon and rectum. In some cases, the procedure may include the collection of tissue samples (biopsies) or the removal of polyps.

Sigmoidoscopy is less invasive than a full colonoscopy and generally involves less preparation, such as reduced bowel cleansing. It usually takes about 10 to 20 minutes to perform. The procedure carries minimal risks, but potential complications include bleeding, perforation of the colon, or adverse reactions to sedatives if used.

This diagnostic tool is valuable for screening for colorectal cancer, detecting inflammation, diagnosing sources of bleeding, and monitoring known intestinal conditions. While sigmoidoscopy provides a limited view of the distal colon, it remains an important initial assessment tool, often guiding further diagnostic procedures if necessary. Overall, sigmoidoscopy is regarded as a safe, effective, and minimally invasive procedure for evaluating the lower gastrointestinal tract.