Showerheads

Showerheads are fixtures attached to a shower arm that distribute water into a spray for bathing. They come in a variety of designs, from fixed units that mount directly to the wall to handheld models that connect to a flexible hose. Some showerheads also function as rain or waterfall types, delivering a broader, softer spray.

Common types and features include fixed showerheads, handhelds, rain-style heads, and dual or multi-jet heads. Spray patterns range from wide, gentle flows to concentrated jets, and many models offer adjustable patterns, pauses, or massaging settings. Some units incorporate aeration, mixing air with water to increase the perceived volume while using less water, while others provide laminar or pulsating sprays.

Materials and finishes vary, with plastic (often ABS) and metal (brass, stainless steel) being typical. Finishes such as chrome, nickel, bronze, or brass plating are designed for durability and aesthetics. Most showerheads are designed for standard plumbing connections, commonly 1/2 inch NPT threading, and may require a mounting bracket or a flexible hose for handheld units.

Efficiency and regulation: U.S. federal standards limit traditional showerheads to a maximum flow rate of 2.5 gallons per minute, while many low-flow models are available at 2.0 gpm or less, with WaterSense labeling indicating 2.0 gpm or below. Regulations and labeling differ by country. Regular maintenance, including mineral buildup removal and seal checks, helps preserve spray quality and prevent leaks.

Environmental and usage considerations: lower-flow showerheads reduce water and energy use for heating, contributing to conservation efforts without sacrificing perceived water pressure for most users.