Serment

Serment is a formal oath or pledge in which a person commits to fulfill duties, uphold loyalties, or comply with a code of conduct. The term comes from Old French serment, which itself derives from Latin iuramentum, from iurare, to swear.

Historically, serments played a central role in feudal and early modern political life. Oath of fealty bound a vassal to a lord, promising loyalty, service, and defense. Similar oaths could seal coronations, treaties, magistrates’ appointments, and membership in religious or civic institutions.

In modern states, oaths of office are common for presidents, legislators, judges, police, and military personnel. Oaths of allegiance to a constitution or flag are typical, and jurors swear to assess evidence truthfully. Many jurisdictions also allow secular affirmations in place of religious oaths.

Serments are typically binding, with legal consequences for perjury—a person who lies under oath may face penalties. Variants include solemn oaths, corporate or professional codes, and promises recorded in legal instruments.