Seberegulaci

Seberegulaci, also spelled seberegulace in Czech, denotes the capacity of a system to adjust its behavior through internal feedback, aiming to maintain homeostasis, achieve goals, or adapt to changing conditions. It is a broad concept used across biology, psychology, education, and engineering to describe processes by which a system governs itself without direct external control.

Self-regulation relies on monitoring output, comparing with a reference, and implementing corrective changes via negative feedback loops, homeostatic setpoints, or predictive control (feedforward). Regulatory networks can be hormonal, neural, gene-expression-based, or algorithmic. In many systems, multiple layers of control interact to balance speed, precision, and stability.

In biology, examples include glucose regulation by insulin, temperature regulation by the hypothalamus, circadian rhythms, and gene regulatory networks that modulate development. In psychology, self-regulation covers emotional and cognitive control, impulse management, and goal-directed learning. In education, self-regulated learning involves planning, monitoring, and adjusting strategies.

In economics and governance, voluntary self-regulation consists of codes of conduct and industry standards. In technology, self-regulating devices or cybernetic systems adjust performance through feedback, such as thermostats or adaptive control systems.

Self-regulation can be hindered by bias, stress, or structural constraints, and may require external oversight or regulation in cases of risk, public interest, or market failures.