Schnitzereien

Schnitzereien, from schnitzen meaning to whittle, denote carved objects, usually made of wood but also historically of bone or ivory. The term covers both the act of carving and the resulting works, ranging from small figurines and relief panels to larger sculptural pieces and decorative objects.

Historically, schnitzerei has been a widespread craft in German-speaking regions. Carvers produced religious figures for churches, altarpieces, and household statuary, and developed regionally distinct styles. In the Erzgebirge (Ore Mountains) and the Black Forest, craft traditions emphasized detailed regional motifs and large figure carving. Christmas markets and folk art traditions helped popularize wooden figurines and nativity scenes (Weihnachtskrippen), contributing to a recognizable repertoire of motifs.

Techniques used in schnitzerei include whittling with knives (Schnitzen), gouges and chisels for depth and form, and chip carving for geometric patterns. Forms range from free-standing sculptures and relief panels to in-the-round carvings, as well as smaller functional items such as spoons or ladles. Finishing steps may involve sanding, staining, painting, or lacquering to protect the wood and enhance its appearance.

In modern practice, schnitzereien are produced by individual artisans and small studios as handmade crafts and decorative art. While mass-produced wooden figurines exist, traditional hand-carving remains valued for craftsmanship, regional identity, and cultural heritage. Antique pieces require care regarding wood type, moisture, and finishing to preserve their condition.