Scalaires

Scalaires, scientifically Pterophyllum scalare, are a freshwater angelfish in the family Cichlidae. They are popular in aquariums for their tall, laterally compressed bodies and long dorsal and anal fins. The genus also includes P. altum and P. leopoldi.

Description: Scalare have a diamond-shaped body and tall fins. They typically reach 6–8 inches (15–20 cm) in length, with fins adding considerable height. Wild fish show vertical bars; many hobbyists maintain silver, gold, or striped color morphs.

Distribution and habitat: Native to the Amazon Basin in South America, they inhabit slow rivers and floodplains with abundant vegetation. Water is warm, soft to moderately hard, and near neutral pH (about 6.5–7.5) with low to moderate current.

In aquariums: They require a large, tall tank and stable conditions. A pair often needs at least 30 gallons (110 L); more space is better for groups. Keep temperature 76–82°F (24–28°C), pH 6.5–7.5, and provide a varied diet.

Behavior and breeding: Generally peaceful with similar-sized tankmates, scalaires can be territorial during breeding. They form monogamous pairs that lay eggs on a flat surface and guard them. Eggs hatch in about 2–3 days; the fry become free-swimming a few days later and are fed infusoria or tiny live foods as they grow.