Satellitrörelser

Satellitrörelser, or satellite orbits, are the paths that artificial satellites follow around a celestial body, typically a planet. These orbits are determined by the gravitational forces exerted by the celestial body and the satellite's velocity. The most common types of satellite orbits include:

1. Geostationary Orbit: A satellite in this orbit appears stationary relative to a point on the Earth's surface. It orbits at an altitude of approximately 35,786 kilometers and has a period of 24 hours. This type of orbit is commonly used for communication and weather satellites.

2. Low Earth Orbit (LEO): Satellites in LEO are relatively close to the Earth's surface, typically ranging from 160 to 2,000 kilometers in altitude. They have a short orbital period, usually around 90 minutes, and are used for various purposes such as Earth observation, scientific research, and navigation.

3. Medium Earth Orbit (MEO): MEO satellites orbit at altitudes between 2,000 and 35,786 kilometers. They have a longer orbital period than LEO satellites and are used for navigation systems like GPS.

4. Highly Elliptical Orbit (HEO): Satellites in HEO have a highly elongated path, with one focus at or near the Earth's center. They are used for specific applications such as military surveillance and some communication systems.

The stability and predictability of satellite orbits are crucial for their operation and mission success. Factors such as atmospheric drag, gravitational perturbations from other celestial bodies, and solar radiation pressure can affect a satellite's orbit over time. To maintain the desired orbit, satellites may use propulsion systems to perform orbital maneuvers.