Sanqing

Sanqing, also known as Three Pure Ones or Three Celestial Pure Ones, is a concept in Chinese Taoist cosmology and mythology that refers to three primordial deities or divine figures. These figures are considered the highest deities in Taoist tradition, embodying the fundamental principles of Taoist philosophy and cosmology. The Three Pure Ones are often depicted as the creators of the universe and the sources of all existence, wisdom, and harmony.

The Three Pure Ones consist of the following deities:

1. **Yuanshi Tianzun** (元始天尊), the Primordial Beginning Heavenly Lord, represents the origin of the universe and the source of all creation. He is often associated with the concept of the Tao itself, embodying the fundamental principle of the natural order.

2. **Lingbao Tianzun** (靈寶天尊), the Celestial Lord of the Numinous Treasure, symbolizes the revelation of sacred knowledge and the transmission of divine wisdom. This figure is linked to the preservation and dissemination of Taoist scriptures and esoteric teachings.

3. **Daode Tianzun** (道德天尊), the Celestial Lord of the Way and Virtue, embodies the principles of *Dao* (the Way) and *De* (virtue or moral character). He represents the ethical and moral dimensions of Taoist thought, emphasizing harmony, balance, and the alignment of human actions with the natural order.

The Three Pure Ones are central to the **Quanzhen** (Complete Perfection) school of Taoism, a sect that emphasizes ascetic practices, meditation, and the pursuit of spiritual perfection. They are often invoked in Taoist rituals, prayers, and ceremonies to seek divine guidance, protection, and blessings. The concept of the Three Pure Ones also reflects the Taoist belief in the interconnectedness of all things and the cyclical nature of existence, where creation, preservation, and transformation are governed by divine principles.

In Taoist art and iconography, the Three Pure Ones are frequently depicted together, often surrounded by symbols representing their respective domains, such as the Taoist scriptures, the cosmos, and the moral virtues. Their collective worship underscores the importance of unity, balance, and reverence for the natural and spiritual realms in Taoist cosmology.