Salicylism

Salicylism is a term used to describe the toxic effects of aspirin or other salicylates. It occurs when the body absorbs too much of these medications, often due to exceeding the recommended dosage or taking them for an extended period. The severity of salicylism can range from mild to life-threatening, depending on the dose and duration of exposure.

Common symptoms of salicylism include tinnitus (ringing in the ears), nausea, vomiting, headache, and dizziness. As the condition progresses, more severe symptoms can develop, such as confusion, hyperventilation, fever, dehydration, and seizures. In children, salicylism can be particularly dangerous and may present with irritability, lethargy, and rapid breathing.

Diagnosis of salicylism is typically based on the patient's clinical presentation and a history of salicylate intake. Blood tests can measure salicylate levels to confirm the diagnosis and assess the severity of the poisoning. Treatment focuses on discontinuing the offending salicylate, supportive care, and in severe cases, measures to enhance salicylate elimination from the body. This may include gastric lavage, activated charcoal, or intravenous fluids. Acid-base imbalances are common and require careful management. Prompt medical attention is crucial for individuals suspected of salicylism to prevent serious complications.