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SSSR

SSSR, commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a socialist state that existed from 1922 to 1991. Officially called the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, it was established following the Russian Revolution and subsequent civil war. The country was founded on Marxist-Leninist principles and became one of the world's two superpowers during the Cold War era.

The Soviet Union was composed of fifteen republics, with Russia being the largest and most dominant. The

Under leaders such as Joseph Stalin, the USSR underwent rapid industrialization and collectivization, though these policies

During the Cold War, the Soviet Union competed geopolitically with the United States, engaging in nuclear arms

Economic stagnation, political repression, and growing social discontent characterized the later decades of the Soviet system.

The Soviet Union dissolved in December 1991, splitting into fifteen independent nations. Its legacy includes significant

government
was
structured
as
a
one-party
state
led
by
the
Communist
Party,
with
centralized
control
over
the
economy
and
society.
The
system
emphasized
collective
ownership
of
property
and
means
of
production,
though
in
practice
it
operated
as
a
command
economy
with
extensive
state
planning.
came
at
enormous
human
cost.
The
country
played
a
crucial
role
in
defeating
Nazi
Germany
during
World
War
II,
suffering
the
highest
casualties
of
any
nation
involved
in
the
conflict.
races,
space
exploration
competitions,
and
proxy
conflicts
worldwide.
The
period
saw
significant
achievements
in
space
technology,
including
the
launch
of
Sputnik
and
Yuri
Gagarin's
historic
spaceflight.
Mikhail
Gorbachev's
reforms
in
the
1980s,
including
glasnost
and
perestroika,
aimed
to
revitalize
the
country
but
ultimately
led
to
increased
instability.
contributions
to
science,
literature,
and
space
exploration,
alongside
a
complex
history
of
authoritarian
governance
and
human
rights
violations.
The
former
Soviet
republics
today
maintain
diverse
political
and
economic
systems,
with
Russia
being
the
largest
successor
state.