Sümpsärv

Sümpsärv, also known as the Eurasian eagle-owl (*Bubo bubo*), is one of the largest and most widespread owl species in the world. Found across Europe, Asia, and parts of North Africa, this powerful bird of prey is renowned for its impressive size, distinctive appearance, and deep, resonant hooting call.

The Eurasian eagle-owl typically measures between 60 to 75 centimeters in length, with a wingspan ranging from 130 to 180 centimeters. Its plumage varies by region, but it generally features a mottled gray, brown, or white coloration, providing excellent camouflage among rocky habitats, forests, and open landscapes. The species exhibits noticeable sexual dimorphism, with females being larger than males. Its large, round face, yellow eyes, and prominent ear tufts contribute to its striking and intimidating appearance.

Sümpsärv is a solitary and territorial bird, primarily active at night, though it may also hunt during twilight hours. Its diet consists mainly of small to medium-sized mammals, such as hares, rodents, and young ungulates, as well as birds, reptiles, and occasionally carrion. The owl’s powerful talons and sharp beak enable it to subdue and kill prey efficiently. Nesting occurs in caves, crevices, or abandoned nests of other large birds, where females lay one to four eggs. Both parents participate in raising the chicks, which fledge after several months.

Conservation status varies by region, but the Eurasian eagle-owl is generally classified as least concern by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). However, habitat loss, persecution, and collisions with human structures pose threats in some areas. Efforts to protect its natural habitats and reduce human-related risks are important for maintaining healthy populations. The species holds cultural significance in many traditions, often symbolizing wisdom, strength, and mystery.