Sõjavange

Sõjavange is the Estonian word for "prisoners of war." It refers to individuals who have been captured and detained by enemy forces during an armed conflict. The treatment of sõjavange is governed by international humanitarian law, primarily the Geneva Conventions. These conventions establish rules for the humane treatment of prisoners of war, including provisions for their protection, sustenance, and medical care.

The Third Geneva Convention of 1949 specifically outlines the rights and responsibilities concerning prisoners of war. Key provisions include the prohibition of torture and cruel treatment, the right to communicate with their families, and the right to a fair trial if accused of crimes. Prisoners of war are generally not to be used for labor that is directly related to military operations of the detaining power.

Historically, the treatment of sõjavange has varied greatly depending on the conflict and the belligerent powers involved. While the Geneva Conventions aim to ensure a minimum standard of care, violations have occurred throughout history. The concept of prisoner exchange is also a significant aspect of dealing with sõjavange, often occurring during or after conflicts. The return of prisoners of war to their home countries is a crucial humanitarian objective.