Röntgendetektorityyppi

Röntgendetektorityyppi refers to the classification of different types of detectors used for X-ray imaging. These detectors convert X-ray photons into a measurable signal, which is then processed to form an image. The choice of detector type depends on various factors, including the application, required resolution, sensitivity, and speed.

One common type is the scintillation detector. In this system, X-ray photons interact with a scintillator material, causing it to emit visible light. This light is then detected by a photodetector, such as a photodiode or a photomultiplier tube, which converts it into an electrical signal. Image plates, which are a type of photostimulable phosphor, also fall under this category. They store the X-ray energy as trapped electrons, which are later released as light by a laser scanner.

Another significant category is semiconductor detectors. These detectors utilize semiconductor materials, such as silicon or cadmium telluride, to directly convert X-ray photons into an electrical charge. This charge is then read out by an electronic system. Examples include charge-coupled devices (CCDs) and complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) sensors, commonly used in digital radiography. Direct conversion detectors, which produce an electrical signal without an intermediate light conversion step, are also a type of semiconductor detector.

Gas-filled detectors are another class, where X-rays ionize a gas within a chamber. The resulting ions or electrons are collected to produce an electrical signal. Proportional counters and Geiger-Müller counters are examples of gas-filled detectors, though they are less common for diagnostic imaging compared to the other types. The specific röntgendetektorityyppi chosen significantly impacts image quality, radiation dose, and the overall performance of an X-ray system.