RomanBritish

RomanBritish, or Romano-Britons, refers to the inhabitants of the Roman province of Britannia and to the province itself during the period of Roman rule in Britain. After the Claudian invasion of 43 CE, much of southern and central Britain was organized as a Roman province, governed by a provincial official and protected by legions. Londinium (London) developed as a commercial capital, while towns such as Eboracum (York) and Corinium Dobunnorum (Cirencester) grew as regional centers. Hadrian's Wall, begun about 122 CE, marked the northern frontier.

The province was organized under imperial authority, with a governor, legions at the frontiers, and auxiliary troops elsewhere. Roads, forts, towns, and mines linked agricultural areas to Mediterranean markets. Urban life centered on baths, forums, and temples, while rural villas supported farming and mineral extraction, notably lead and tin. Latin became the language of administration and elite culture, though Celtic languages persisted in many communities, and local laws remained in use in rural areas.

Cultural exchange produced a Romano-British culture blending Roman and indigenous traditions. Archaeology shows architecture, coinage, and religious practice reflecting this mix. Romanization varied by region and class; Latin appeared among elites, while some rural communities continued local customs. Christianity began to spread in towns during the late antique period. The economy remained connected with continental networks, and military presence helped regulate trade and security.

From the late 4th century onward, external pressures and internal administrative challenges led to a gradual reduction of Roman authority. By around 410 CE, formal governance in Britain ended, though Romano-British communities persisted for a time in towns and countryside. The era left a lasting legacy in archaeology, place-names, infrastructure, and cultural blending that shaped post-Roman and early medieval Britain.