RhDösszeegyeztetéssel

RhDösszeegyeztetéssel is a Hungarian term that translates to "RhD compatibility testing" or "RhD blood group matching." It refers to the process of ensuring that an RhD-negative pregnant person does not develop antibodies against the RhD antigen. This is crucial to prevent Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn (HDN), a potentially severe condition that can affect the fetus.

The RhD blood group system is one of the most important blood group systems in human blood. Individuals are classified as RhD-positive if they have the RhD antigen on their red blood cells, and RhD-negative if they lack it. Complications arise when an RhD-negative person is exposed to RhD-positive blood. This most commonly occurs during pregnancy if the fetus inherits the RhD-positive antigen from the father.

During pregnancy or childbirth, a small amount of fetal RhD-positive blood can enter the RhD-negative mother's bloodstream. Her immune system may then recognize the RhD antigen as foreign and produce antibodies against it. This process is called RhD sensitization. If the mother becomes pregnant again with an RhD-positive fetus, these antibodies can cross the placenta and attack the fetal red blood cells, leading to HDN. Symptoms in the newborn can range from mild anemia to severe jaundice, hydrops fetalis (a life-threatening accumulation of fluid), and even fetal death.

RhDösszeegyeztetéssel involves routine testing of pregnant individuals to determine their RhD status. If an individual is RhD-negative and their partner is RhD-positive, or if the father's RhD status is unknown, further monitoring is undertaken. In such cases, RhD-negative mothers are typically administered Rh immunoglobulin (often referred to as RhoGAM or anti-D) at specific points during pregnancy and after delivery. This injection prevents the mother's immune system from becoming sensitized to the RhD antigen, thereby protecting future pregnancies from HDN.