RhDpositiiviset

RhDpositiiviset refers to individuals who possess the D antigen on the surface of their red blood cells. The Rh factor is a blood group antigen system that, along with the ABO system, is crucial for blood transfusions and pregnancy management. The D antigen is the most immunogenic of the Rh antigens, meaning it is most likely to trigger an immune response.

A person is considered RhDpositiiviset if their red blood cells carry the D antigen. This is determined by their genetic makeup. Conversely, individuals who lack the D antigen are classified as RhDnegatiiviset. The RhDpositiiviset status is inherited and is common in many populations.

The significance of RhD status is most pronounced during pregnancy. If an RhDnegatiivinen mother carries an RhDpositiivinen fetus, there is a risk of Rh incompatibility. During pregnancy or childbirth, some of the fetus's RhDpositiivinen blood cells can enter the mother's bloodstream. The mother's immune system may then recognize the D antigen as foreign and produce antibodies against it. This process is called Rh sensitization.

In a subsequent pregnancy with another RhDpositiivinen fetus, these maternal antibodies can cross the placenta and attack the fetal red blood cells, leading to hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN). HDN can cause anemia, jaundice, and in severe cases, brain damage or even fetal death. However, this risk can be effectively managed and prevented with medical interventions, such as Rh immunoglobulin (RhIG) injections, administered to the RhDnegatiivinen mother during pregnancy and after delivery.