Reumatológia

Reumatológia is the medical specialty dedicated to the diagnosis and treatment of rheumatic diseases. These diseases primarily affect the joints, muscles, bones, and connective tissues. While often associated with arthritis, the scope of rheumatology extends to a wide range of inflammatory and autoimmune conditions.

Common conditions managed by rheumatologists include rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, lupus, gout, fibromyalgia, and various forms of vasculitis. Symptoms can vary greatly but often involve joint pain, stiffness, swelling, and fatigue. These conditions can also impact other organs such as the skin, kidneys, lungs, and eyes.

The diagnostic process in rheumatology typically involves a thorough patient history, physical examination, laboratory tests (blood and urine), and imaging studies like X-rays, ultrasound, or MRI. Treatment strategies are individualized and may include medications such as anti-inflammatories, disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), biologics, and pain relievers. Physical therapy and lifestyle modifications also play a crucial role in managing rheumatic diseases and improving a patient's quality of life. Rheumatic diseases are often chronic, requiring long-term management and monitoring by a rheumatologist.