Retinoidcontaining

Retinoid-containing refers to products that include at least one retinoid, a family of vitamin A derivatives used in medicine and cosmetics. Retinoids range from prescription agents such as tretinoin (retinoic acid), adapalene, and tazarotene to over-the-counter forms like retinol, retinaldehyde, and retinyl esters. Some retinoids are used topically, while others, such as isotretinoin, are taken orally under medical supervision.

Retinoids influence skin by binding retinoic acid receptors, affecting gene expression. They promote cell turnover, increase collagen production, and normalize keratinization. These actions can improve acne, fine lines, and mottled pigmentation, but may also cause irritation, especially when starting therapy.

Types and indications: OTC retinoids are milder and often used for anti-aging and maintenance; prescription retinoids are more potent and used for acne, keratinization disorders, or severe photodamage. Some products pair retinoids with sunscreens, antioxidants, or humectants. Use of retinoids with other actives (AHAs, vitamin C) can increase irritation and should be timed or minimized.

Usage guidelines: Begin with a low concentration and apply sparingly at night, frequency gradually increasing as tolerated. Apply sunscreen daily. Expect mild redness, dryness, or peeling in the first weeks. If severe irritation occurs, pause use or reduce frequency and consult a clinician.

Safety and regulation: Oral isotretinoin is highly teratogenic and requires strict medical oversight and pregnancy prevention. Topical retinoids can cause irritation. Pregnant individuals should avoid retinoids. In many countries, OTC retinoids are regulated; storage should be cool and away from light.