Resale

Resale refers to the sale of goods after they have been purchased by a consumer or intermediary, rather than directly from the original manufacturer. In commerce, it can denote the sale of secondhand items or the practice of retailers acquiring goods from manufacturers or wholesalers to re-sell to end customers. Resale is a common feature of many markets, supporting liquidity and consumer access.

Secondhand resale covers used clothing, electronics, books, vehicles, and other pre-owned items sold through thrift stores, consignment shops, and online marketplaces. Liquidation and wholesale resale involve moving surplus or returned inventory from manufacturers, retailers, or distributors to other businesses or resale channels. Refurbished goods are repaired or remanufactured before resale. Authorized resellers have agreements with brands; gray market sellers resell without such authorization and may affect warranties or service.

Resale markets affect prices, extend product lifecycles, and reduce waste in a circular economy. They provide liquidity for assets and often offer lower prices or access to scarce items. Online platforms enable peer-to-peer and professional resale across various categories, from sneakers to electronics and collectibles. Buyers and sellers must consider authenticity, condition, and warranty status when transacting.

Legal considerations include copyright, trademark, and licensing rules that constrain certain resales. Consumer protection laws govern disclosures, returns, and fair dealing. In addition, some items such as regulated goods may face additional resale restrictions. Overall, resale contributes to sustainability and efficiency, although it can raise competition and brand-management issues in some industries.