Relaisella

Relaisella is a genus of bacteria from the family Enterobacteriaceae, first described in 2002. It is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium that is typically non-motile and non-spore-forming. Relaisella species are known for their ability to cause infections in humans, particularly in immunocompromised individuals. The genus includes several species, with Relaisella intestinalis being the most commonly associated with human infections.

Relaisella species are typically isolated from clinical specimens such as blood, urine, and wounds. They are known to produce a variety of enzymes, including urease, which can contribute to the formation of urease-positive colonies on culture media. The genus is named after the French microbiologist Jean Relais, who made significant contributions to the study of Enterobacteriaceae.

Relaisella infections can manifest as a range of symptoms, including fever, chills, and localized pain or swelling at the site of infection. Treatment typically involves the use of antibiotics, with the choice of antibiotic depending on the specific species of Relaisella and the severity of the infection. Prophylactic use of antibiotics is often recommended for patients with compromised immune systems who are at risk of Relaisella infection.

Relaisella species are also of interest to researchers due to their potential role in the ecology of the gut microbiome. Studies have shown that Relaisella can be found in the intestines of various animals, including humans, and may play a role in the breakdown of complex carbohydrates. However, the ecological significance of Relaisella in the gut microbiome remains an active area of research.