Rekursivní

rekursivní is a term commonly found in computer science and mathematics to describe a process or definition that refers to itself. In essence, a rekursivní solution breaks down a problem into smaller, identical subproblems. The solution to the original problem is then constructed from the solutions to these subproblems.

A fundamental aspect of rekursivní definitions is the presence of a base case, also known as a terminating condition. This base case provides a simple, non-rekursivní solution to the smallest possible instance of the problem, preventing the process from continuing indefinitely. Without a base case, a rekursivní function would lead to infinite recursion, resulting in an error.

Examples of rekursivní concepts include the factorial function, where n! is defined as n * (n-1)! with a base case of 0! = 1. Another classic example is the Fibonacci sequence, where each number is the sum of the two preceding ones, again with defined base cases. Rekursivní algorithms are often elegant and can simplify the representation of complex problems, though they can sometimes be less efficient than iterative approaches due to function call overhead. Understanding the base case and the rekursivní step is crucial for both defining and implementing rekursivní solutions.