ReißverschlussVerbindungen

Reißverschluss, commonly known in English as a zipper, is a fastening device consisting of two fabric tapes carrying interlocking teeth or a molded coil, operated by a sliding element that joins or parts the teeth. When the slider is drawn along the teeth, it engages or disengages the interlock, closing or opening the seam. Zippers may be non-separating (the two sides stay joined at the bottom) or separating (the two sides completely separate when opened). They are used on garments, bags, tents, and many industrial applications.

The modern zipper arose in the early 20th century. Whitcomb Judson introduced an early version in the 1890s; Gideon Sundback improved it significantly in 1913, creating a practical “separable fastener” that became the basis for contemporary zippers. In German-speaking regions, the term Reißverschluss emerged in the 1920s–1930s to describe the device; the term literally means tear-fastener.

Teeth have evolved from metal to molded plastic and nylon coils. Plastic zippers can be lighter and more flexible; metal zippers are valued for durability in heavy garments. Special variants include waterproof or water-resistant coats, auto-lock sliders, and decorative finishes.

Major manufacturers include YKK, along with Coats, RIRI, and others. The zipper is manufactured by attaching a zipper tape to the teeth and fitting a slider and stops. For maintenance, keep clean, lubricate lightly if stiff, and avoid forcing a jam; replace broken elements rather than attempting extensive repair.